Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a severe and intricate mental illness that profoundly impacts the lives of individuals affected by it. This comprehensive review aims to thoroughly explore all facets of OCD, encompassing its clinical presentations, prevalence as a common mental disorder, its neurological underpinnings, treatment modalities, and broader societal implications. The subsequent overview seeks to advance mental health awareness and foster empathy by integrating diverse perspectives and synthesizing existing research findings. Ongoing research endeavors are delving into the potential therapeutic uses of ketamine, known for its dissociative properties, as well as psychedelic substances in combination with psychotherapeutic interventions, as innovative approaches to treating OCD. Additionally, the utilization of mindfulness-based interventions, particularly mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), is actively being investigated, along with the potential effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as an adjunct therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorders. The incidence of suicide attempts among individuals diagnosed with OCD varies widely, ranging from 6% to 51.7%, with an average occurrence of 14.2%. In this review, an updated elaboration of all aspects of the disorder has been given.