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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Pharmacophore</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pharmacophorejournal.com</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pharmacophore</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Pharmacophore</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2229-5402</issn>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">pharmacophorejournal.com-6839</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51847/lt2ODGpRKx</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Original research</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Histopathological Diagnosis of a Female Fetus Following Therapeutic Abortion for Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding: A Case Study</article-title>
      </title-group>
                    <contrib-group>
                      <contrib contrib-type="author">
              <name>
                <surname>Sibghatullah</surname>
                <given-names>Hadiya</given-names>
              </name>
                              <xref rid="aff1" ref-type="aff">1</xref>
                                                            <xref rid="cor1" ref-type="corresp" />
                          </contrib>
                      <contrib contrib-type="author">
              <name>
                <surname>Sangi</surname>
                <given-names>Sibghatullah Muhammad Ali</given-names>
              </name>
                              <xref rid="aff2" ref-type="aff">2</xref>
                                        </contrib>
                      <contrib contrib-type="author">
              <name>
                <surname>Lohia</surname>
                <given-names>Sapna</given-names>
              </name>
                              <xref rid="aff3" ref-type="aff">3</xref>
                                        </contrib>
                      <contrib contrib-type="author">
              <name>
                <surname>Abbasi</surname>
                <given-names>Huma</given-names>
              </name>
                              <xref rid="aff4" ref-type="aff">4</xref>
                                        </contrib>
                      <contrib contrib-type="author">
              <name>
                <surname>Memon</surname>
                <given-names>Fatima</given-names>
              </name>
                              <xref rid="aff5" ref-type="aff">5</xref>
                                        </contrib>
                  </contrib-group>
                  <aff id="aff1">
            <label>1</label>Department of Pathology, Isra University, Hyderabad Sindh Pakistan.
          </aff>
                  <aff id="aff2">
            <label>2</label>Department of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha campus, Saudi Arabia.
          </aff>
                  <aff id="aff3">
            <label>3</label>Department of Pathology, Liaquat University of Medical &amp; Health Sciences Jamshoro, Pakistan.
          </aff>
                  <aff id="aff4">
            <label>4</label>Department of Pathology, Indus Medical College Tando Muhammad Khan, Sindh Pakistan.
          </aff>
                  <aff id="aff5">
            <label>5</label>Department of Biochemistry, Liaquat University of Medical &amp; Health Sciences Jamshoro, Sindh Pakistan.
          </aff>
                          <author-notes>
            <corresp id="cor1">
              <bold>Address for correspondence:</bold> Prof. Wael Abu Dayyih, Department of
              Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mutah University, Al-Karak 61710, Jordan.
                              E-mail: <email xlink:href="hadiya.h1995@gmail.com">hadiya.h1995@gmail.com</email>
                          </corresp>
          </author-notes>
                    <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>28</day>
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>15</volume>
      <issue>6</issue>
      <fpage>1</fpage>
      <lpage>4</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>
          Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Pharmacophore
        </copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <license>
          <ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"
            specific-use="textmining" content-type="ccbyncsalicense">
            https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/</ali:license_ref>
          <license-p>This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of
            the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows
            others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate
            credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <title>A<sc>BSTRACT</sc></title>
        <p>The complex ethical debate around abortion procedures in the context of cultural pressures related to gender-based feticide is brought to light in this case study, which analyses the diagnostic, clinical, and ethical hurdles in treating dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) in a pregnant woman. Heavy, prolonged, or irregular menstrual bleeding is a typical symptom in reproductive-age women who may be experiencing dysfunctional uterine bleeding, a complicated gynecological disorder. When organic pathology is not present, DUB is usually thought to be caused by hormonal abnormalities, namely those involving the menstrual cycle regulators estrogen and progesterone. This case study is on a 30-year-old female patient who suffered from severe and persistent dysmenorrhea (DUB), characterized by excessive and protracted monthly bleeding that did not improve with conventional hormone treatment. No signs of pregnancy or other detectable diseases were found during the comprehensive pre-operative evaluation that included imaging and physical examination. This case illustrates the importance of careful examination and evaluation of all uterine specimens, even in scenarios where clinical suspicion does not initially suggest a pregnancy-related issue. Moving forward, this case advocates for the implementation of improved diagnostic protocols and technologies that can detect early gestation more effectively.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
                <kwd>Histopathological diagnosis</kwd>
                <kwd>Therapeutic abortion</kwd>
                <kwd>Dysfunctional uterine bleeding</kwd>
                <kwd>Fetus</kwd>
              </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>