<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD with MathML3 v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-archivearticle1-3-mathml3.dtd"><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Pharmacophore</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pharmacophorejournal.com</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pharmacophore</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Pharmacophore</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2229-5402</issn>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">pharmacophorejournal.com-6833</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51847/pg7kQmR4pQ</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Original research</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Comparison of Oropharyngeal Manifestations in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 and HIV/AIDS: A Single Center Retrospective Study</article-title>
      </title-group>
                  <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>28</day>
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>14</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <fpage>145</fpage>
      <lpage>155</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>
          Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Pharmacophore
        </copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <license>
          <ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"
            specific-use="textmining" content-type="ccbyncsalicense">
            https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/</ali:license_ref>
          <license-p>This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of
            the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows
            others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate
            credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <title>A<sc>BSTRACT</sc></title>
        <p>The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant effect on people with HIV because of restricted access to treatment facilities. Oral health is crucial for preventing systemic problems, such as bacterial infections or septicemia. These are serious effects for immunocompromised individuals. Oral lesions are the initial clinical manifestations of HIV infection and act as dependable markers of immunosuppression. This highlights their crucial role in the early assessment, identification, and management of these individuals. This study examines the oral symptoms observed in 156 healthy, COVID-19, and HIV-infected individuals amid the COVID-19 pandemic.

The individuals recruited for this study were patients of the Constanța Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, between April 2021 and October 2022 which delayed their visit to healthcare facilities because of restricted access during the pandemic. Two patients were COVID-19 positive, other 52 were diagnosed with HIV and receiving antiretroviral treatment, and 52 healthy individuals were recruited as the CONTROL group. The lesions were identified based on clinical examination and laboratory results. Oral lesions remain prevalent in HIV-infected individuals throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. They are significant clinical signs appearing early and affecting up to 74% of HIV-infected individuals (CD4+ T cells </p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
              </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>