Pharmacophore pharmacophorejournal.com Pharmacophore Pharmacophore 2229-5402 pharmacophorejournal.com-6686 10.51847/wSrSsrseWK Original research Association between Migraine and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Systematic Review 09 05 2023 14 2 58 64 Copyright: © 2026 Pharmacophore 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. A<sc>BSTRACT</sc>

It has long been believed that primary headaches and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are related. In addition, it is believed that stimulants, the most successful treatment for ADHD, frequently cause headaches as a side effect. PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, EBSCO, SCOPUS, Wiley, and the Cochrane Library were the search engines that were utilised. Before performing a full-text analysis, study articles were first evaluated using Rayyan QCRI&#39;s title and abstract criteria. This analysis includes 12 studies with 209130 ADHD patients in total. The reported studies documented an age range from 5 to 52 years old. Diagnoses of headaches, particularly migraines, were much more common in children with ADHD. In this systematic review, we comprehensively reviewed the available literature on the association between migraine and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Our findings suggested the presence of an association between migraine and ADHD. Higher migraine incidence rates were demonstrated among the pediatric population with ADHD.