Evaluation of Relationship Between Gingival Phenotype and Periodontal Status Download PDF

Determining the gingival phenotype and knowing its relationship with clinical periodontal parameters is critical in terms of guiding the clinician and the treatment results. The present study evaluated the prevalence of gingival phenotype and its relationship with crown shape, papilla height (PH), keratinized tissue width (KTW), and risk factors. A total of 90 individuals, 53 females and 37 males were included in the study. Based on the transparency of a periodontal probe through the buccal gingival margin, was determined thin phenotype and thick phenotype groups. Sociodemographic data, oral hygiene status and clinical periodontal parameters, supracrestal gingival height (SGH), crown width/crown length ratio, PH, and KTW were evaluated. No statistical difference (p>0.05) was detected neither for the correlation between different phenotypes (thick/thin) and SGH nor for associating phenotypes and crown width/crown length ratio. Additionally, there was no statistically significant difference in periodontal parameters and PH between thick and thin phenotype groups (p>0.05). PH was higher for individuals with rectangular crown shapes compared to individuals with square crown shapes (p<0.05). It was found that the prevalence of rectangular and square crown shapes was equal and the thick gingival phenotype was higher in the Turkish population. There was no correlation between the gingival phenotype and crown shape, periodontal parameters, and papilla heights. It has been shown that individuals with a thick phenotype have higher KTW and the shape of the crown in the anterior region of the maxilla affects the height of the papilla.