Introducing Bladder Hoqne (Instillation) as a Forgotten Therapeutic Method in the Iranian Traditional Medicine Download PDF

Objective: Hoqne is one of the treatment methods in the Iranian traditional medicine. It has more applications in the treatment of a broad spectrum of diseases and has very long history. The Present study aims to investigate bladder Hoqne from the traditional medicine point of view and to compare its applications in the traditional and classic medicine. Methods: This was a review study originated from 100 reference books including Avicenna’s “Al-Qanun-fi-al-tibb”, and in Persian and English sites, expressions such as intravesical therapy, intravesical instillation were searched and studied. Results: Bladder Hoqne has many applications in Iranian traditional medicine and has a major role in the treatment of nocturnal enuresis, vesical pustules, vesical calculus, urinary incontinence, difficulty in urination, retention of urine, bladder inflammation. Avicenna has mentioned bladder Hoqne as a treatment of choice in specific cases of bladder diseases. In Iranian traditional medicine, it was performed by skillful persons through a device called Zarrage. Avicenna described the composition and physical characters of this instrument in “Al-Qanun-fi-al-tibb”. One of the most important features of this treatment method is its efficacy, having more benefits and few side effects. This method of traditional medicine is known as the intravesical instillation of medication in modern medicine, and was used in the diagnosis and treatment of vesicoureteral reflux, bladder cancer, detrusor hyper-reflexia, interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) and hemorrhagic cystitis (HC). Conclusion: Bladder Hoqne has many applications in the Iranian traditional medicine and has a major role in the treatment of bladder diseases. It requires more studies, however.