The health risks probably pose the greatest threat to lives and livelihoods of poor households (Jutting, 2004). A short-term health shock can contribute to long-term poverty and continuation of vicious circle of poverty. In this paper we tried to highlight key features of Rashtriya Swasthaya Bima Yojana (RSBY), an innovative Public Private Partnership (PPP) model for pharmaceutical financing, initiative of Government of India to eradicate the healthcare problems and poverty of population living below poverty line (BPL) in rural and urban India. The study show that scheme is not only providing free health care to poor households but also giving them chance to improve their standards of living by giving them access to quality healthcare through empanelled private players.